What is abnormal bleeding?

Everyone’s period is a bit different, so what’s normal for you might be very different from the experience of a friend or family member. 

For most women, their period lasts 3-5 days or up to a week. That bleeding is relatively easy to contain with standard female hygiene products like pads or tampons. A degree of cramping is normal, as is feeling a little bloated, cranky, and uncomfortable during your period. 

Menstrual bleeding is considered abnormal if any of the following symptoms are present:

• Bleeding for more than seven days
• Irregular periods that vary in cycle length 
• Bleeding after menopause
• Spotting between periods
• Significant cramping
• Bleeding during or after sex
• Passing blood clots that are larger in diameter than a quarter
• Needing to change pads or tampons within two hours

In short, if your periods are disruptive to your normal routines, you should schedule a diagnostic exam at Patel & Patel, M.D., Inc. to determine the cause. 

What can cause abnormal bleeding?

Some of the potential causes of abnormal bleeding include:

• Miscarriage
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Uterine fibroids
• Endometriosis
• Bleeding disorders
• Uterine and other gynecologic cancers
• Ovulation problems
• Problems with an IUD 

An in-depth diagnostic exam is the best way to find answers. 

How is abnormal bleeding diagnosed?

The process begins with a discussion about your bleeding and other symptoms. Be prepared to share details about when you notice unusual bleeding, how much you’re bleeding, and what circumstances precede or follow the bleeding. 

A pelvic exam follows and gives your gynecologist a chance to check for tissue abnormalities in your vagina and cervix. Blood testing can be helpful, and also checks for anemia. 

Ultrasound imaging can give your doctor more insight into the structure of your reproductive organs. A process called hysteroscopy uses a scope equipped with a light and camera to closely examine the interior of your uterus. 

Additional testing may be needed based on the results of these screening efforts. You might need a biopsy or advanced imaging such as an MRI or CT scan. 

How is abnormal bleeding treated?

Treatments for your abnormal bleeding depend on the cause and whether you wish to preserve your fertility. 

Medications that can reduce the severity of your bleeding include birth control pills and other hormone treatments, an IUD containing progesterone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa), and tranexamic acid.

Surgical options include endometrial ablation using NovaSure®, myomectomy or uterine artery embolization, and da Vinci® robotic hysterectomy.

If you’re tired of structuring your life around your period or unusual bleeding, call the office or use the online tool to schedule an appointment at Patel & Patel, M.D., Inc. today.